Dear Mr P,

Thank you for your questions regarding my two letters (posted) at forwinds10.com. I will attempt to answer the questions in a manner that you and others can understand, but please remember that a great deal of information is “Classified” so I will be careful in what I state, even though it may cause difficulties.

To simply matters further, I respond below in Bold Italic below each question raised.

Dear Mr. Whistleblower,

Very interesting and enlightening material.

But, as often, information does raise new questions. I'll try to bring them up point by point from your previous postings.

1.      Where did the assets of the Combined Internal Collateral Accounts of the Global Debt Facility came/originated from? And when was this established?

The assets are assets of the World’s Royal families and Nations held under Colonial Rule. The centralization of all these assets into one combined account to be utilized for the benefit of ALL Nations of the World and their People generally commenced in 1875. It was further developed in 1908 -1910 with the Jekyll Island Treaty (1910), the 1920-1921 London Treaty (1920), the Second Plan of the Experts (1929), the Hague Agreement (1930), the Far East Combined Depositories Agreement (1932 – 1945), the Bretton Woods Agreement (1944). The B.I.S. / Allies Agreement (1948), the Green Hilton Agreement (1963), the Schweitzer Conventions (1968) together with regular amendments to the Schweitzer Conventions from 1968 – present date, The Election / Appointment of Sole Arbiter Agreements (1995), the Washington Panel (1998), the Treaty for Respecting the Rights (2003).

These are all the main International Treaties (some still classified “Top Secret”), and recognised as such by the Nations of the World and the United Nations, formerly known as the League of Nations. There were ancillary Agreements to the Treaties which were nothing more than slight amendments and upgrades to accommodate the changes incurred by progression and development of the World and functioning of the Financial Systems.

2.      Reagan implemented a very secretive group of top people, which was totally under his control.

        The constituted task of this group was to STEAL the assets of the Combined Internal Collateral

        Accounts of the Global Debt Facility, by whatever means were deemed necessary or required.

        Why was this so difficult? I mean since the US is/was the protector.

There are several points here that must be clearly understood. What Reagan implemented under Presidential Decrees may have been perfectly legal under the American Constitution, but what was decreed was an illegal covert operation, one that was contrary to America’s acceptance and execution of the various International Treaties, both before the World Wars and following the World Wars. America, as a Major Allied Power, was a Primary Signatory to all the International Treaties and Reagan knew that, but he continued to issue these Presidential Decrees in contrary of same, and which was in total contravention of America’s trusted position as an Allied Power and Primary Signatory to the Treaties.

It should also be noted here that American executed these Treaties as a Sovereign Nation, not as a Government Corporate Entity as is muted in numerous postings on various Web sites. Every Sovereign Nation in the World has registered and recorded its Charter within the United Nations. To find out more facts on this point, you will need to establish the Charter Control Number of the USA held within the United Nations. No doubt, the USA Charter is based upon its Constitution (Note: Not any Corporate Resolutions, Articles, or Memorandums), which is similar to most Nations if they have a Constitution, written or unwritten (The latter being the case with the U.K.).

The USA, via its CIA operation, was the legal entity empowered under the various Treaties to be legally responsible for the protection of the Assets held under the Combined International Collateral Accounts. The CIA itself, would have effectively sub-contracted “protection”, under the same Terms and Conditions of the Treaties that it was compelled by, to other intelligence Agencies of other Nations, on the basis that not all Nations would want a permanent presence of US Intelligence Officers, and men, stationed within their country.

This was the same type of policy adopted by the Lead World Bank (UBS) who effectively sub-contracted custodianship of assets to other leading World Banks at the time. Please Note here that Certificates related to these Assets were issued through UBS and many other leading World Banks, not issued by UBS and other banks as many people believe.

We therefore have a situation whereby the USA were (assigned to the CIA), by virtue of the Treaties executed by the USA as a Primary Signatory, the appointed “Protectors” of the Assets holding a legal responsibility to same at all times and for all purposes. In addition we have Reagan’s Presidential Decrees which authorised illegal and covert actions, by a small group of persons who recruited numerous others to implement those actions (later to become the unofficial self financing arm of the CIA), against its (the USA) own legal and binding commitments to the International Community (Nations of the World) under the International Treaties. As one can see, a total conflict. One part being the USA as a Sovereign Nation with Legal and Binding commitments under Treaties, and the other part being illegal covert operations contrary to the Treaties.

This is where the latter’s difficulties come in as they needed people who knew the information, which in essence meant former and even serving CIA officers, Field Operatives, etc. being recruited (Note: there are in excess of 2400 CIA unofficial operatives working in the Philippines at this moment in time. Many appear to be US business people, Volunteer Groups, Charity organisations etc). Many of these recruited personnel believe they are working for the CIA and the benefit of America, but in reality they are working for a small group of elite whose aims are personal and power and definitely not in the interests of, or on behalf of the USA. Refer V.K. Durham’s (Durham Trust) many articles on this subject reference to her husband Russell Herman (Hermann).

Another example of this is, The CIA Station Officer at the US Embassy in Manila, openly admitted (foolishly) to one of our people, quote “that he knew of us, and indeed we were genuine but all held “Top Secret, and that he was a signatory to one of our accounts for CIA operations in the Philippines”. I can categorically state that NO part of the Collateral Accounts is allocated to the CIA and NO Officer of the CIA, whether the Head of CIA or any Station Officer, holds, has held, authorised to hold, etc, any signatory rights to any accounts of the Combined Collateral Accounts.

In short and to summarise, what the USA (via Reagan and successive Presidents) is an illegal  act of Fraud against the World, Nations of the World and the People of the World, and contrary to its legal responsibility and liability under the International Treaties. It is an International Crime of substantial proportion perpetrated by, and enacted by elements of the successive US Governments, under the guise of acting in the interests of America and its People.

3.            Because at the same time the US, via the Government, the Treasury, the Fed, the CIA, are the

protectors of the assets for and on behalf of the World and the People of the World.

               By whom have they been assigned to be the protector?

               Can it be undone? Or, has this already changed?

NO, the general objectives, principles, of the International Treaties (to be utilized for All Nations of the World and the People of the World, whereby the assets shall never be dissipated and shall remain the core of the accounts at all times for all future generations) has never been changed.

Can they be undone. Yes, any agreements, contracts, Treaties, etc, can be legally undone, modified, amended, or otherwise. However, one must look at the complexity of such matters, especially when it refers to International Treaties. This would require a substantial group of Nations to put forward a Motion for Repeal of ALL treaties relevant to the Combined International Collateral Accounts, to the General Assembly of the United Nations, whereby all Nations of the World would need to approve and resolve such motion. It would only take one (1) Nation to exercise their right to “Veto” and the whole Motion is defeated. Even if it was approved, which in my professional opinion would be highly unlikely, it would be passed to the Lawyers, and then through various Cabinets / Committees and finally back to the General Council. This alone would take many years, probably decades to resolve, before changes could be implemented. One also has to look at the implications of repeal of such Treaties. Many transpired after WW II, and also embodied other Treaties, and furthermore contained sections covering the War Reparations between countries, and the acceptance of new defined boundaries (The Treaty of Versailles is one such treaty) If such Treaties were repealed, it could not be restricted to sections relevant to the Combined International Collateral Accounts, as these lie as the base of all other sections or embodied treaties. It would lead to many countries demanding lost territories back, and demanding many other factors relative to the War issues. This would send the World backwards and achieve nothing except possibly more friction and conflict. It should be remembered that these Treaties were enacted, or many of them, after the wars for which part of the purpose and intent of the Nations of the World was to prevent such wars from ever happening again and to maintain a balance throughout the World.    

4.            At the same time, successive US Governments from 1963, following the execution of the Green

   Hilton Treaty by President Kennedy and President Soekarno, refused to recognize the Combined

   International Accounts and the Green Hilton Treaty.

               So, why have they been assigned to be the protector?

Whether the USA and some other countries recognize, or not recognize, the “Green Hilton Treaty” and / or “The Combined International Collateral Accounts” is generally irrelevant. These two factors are legally binding upon all Nations of the World and are considered and construed as part and parcel of the whole.

What Kennedy achieved when he executed the Green Hilton Agreement was a continuance of the “Gold Standard” by the use of Collateral Account assets held under custodianship by President Soekarno. The purpose was to allow the USA, as holders of the International Reserve Currency position, to be able to print, with “Gold Backing” additional currency to circulate throughout the world, thus boosting economic development throughout the World. It was certain elements of the World’s society, that did not want this to happen, and therefore Kennedy had to go and the Green Hilton Treaty remain unrecognized by America. This situation later lead to the “Gold Standard” being dropped in totality by the USA, followed by other countries of the World, leading to the current crisis of “Fiat Money” and “Financial Folly” we all have today.

The empowered position of “Protector”, with all its legal obligations, responsibility and implications, imposed upon the USA was granted under Treaties executed well before 1963. What happened after 1963 to the present date may well be legal within the USA, although there are doubts on such legality, but such matters were not legal in accordance with or compliance with, the International Treaties. In the case of the Combined International Collateral Accounts it is the International Treaties that take precedence over all / any laws, judicial, decisions of any Nation. It has to, and must be this way otherwise you would have many countries of the World doing the same as America has done and we would have had WW III before now. These Treaties are there to protect the World and its Nations from such dictatorial, aggressive actions of any one Nation against any other Nation. They are also meant to maintain a balance throughout the World so that such wars as I, and II never happen again to the detriment of mankind.

5.      These Assets are for and on behalf of the World and its' People

               How have these been used so far? Or, why have they not been used?

              Who/what is governing this process?

They are used, but I cannot disclose such matters publicly. However, they could be used an awful lot more had we not been deliberately obstructed or restrained from exercising our objectives. Let me explain further.

Verification of us can only be undertaken by a King / Queen, President, or Prime Minister. Special dispensation may be granted to a Minister of Finance or Minister of Foreign Affairs, subject to International Status.

Verification should officially be undertaken through a “Specific Office” and under “Specific Protocols” at the Head Office (N.Y. or Geneva) of the United Nations (The United Nations is controlled by the USA). There are other unofficial ways to verify as the United Nations with its dismal record and cumbersome bureaucracy takes months to reply to such verifications.

One such Alternative is through the USA Secretary of State or US Treasury, which again must be undertaken using “Specific Protocols” and undertaken directly or passing via the Ambassador to any one Nation. Whichever way, unless the person holds the relevant security classification, they will NOT be given any information.

This latter method has been attempted several times, whilst waiting the United Nations. However, the US frequently deny all knowledge of us, which is contrary to their Mandate as a U.S. Government  Authority.

We have on many occasions taken this matter up directly with the Secretary of State and with the President, who apologise and promise to correct these issues, but nothing is ever done, therefore Nations who rely heavily of such information tend to hold back until they have an official verification. Other Nations know what the UN is like, so therefore do not bother with such matters. Other Nations that  do not align themselves to the US, and in fact do not trust the US, move forward without verification.

What I am stating here is that since 1995 there has been a deliberate attempt by the US and the UN to obstruct, deny, refrain from commenting, place all sorts of barriers in our way, misrepresent, misinformation, plus all sorts of other methods, to actually prevent us from performing and carrying out our obligations and objectives as defined under the various Treaties.

One now has to look at the reasons for such denials etc. Let’s start right at the beginning. The Trillenium Trilateral Tripartite Commission (America, United Kingdom, France), who were the original Holders and Arbiters of the Combined Collateral Accounts. During their period 1945 – 1995 these countries abused and illegally used the assets to benefit themselves. This was recognised and at the expiry of their 50 year term, the term was not renewed or extended. Instead a new institution and subsidiary institutions were established by the Nations of the World, whereby same was appointed the Legal Owner, and Sole Arbiter of the Combined Collateral Accounts, to enact and employ the objections and intent of the Combined Collateral Accounts.

At this stage it should be remembered that the IMF, World Bank, and UN were also controlled largely by the USA, which is still applicable today.

So what happened, their (USA, UK, France, IMF, WB, etc,) little nest egg had just been placed in the hands of another, but independent institution, so their illegal activities were heavily curtailed, but, wait a minute, they controlled the very institution, the UN, that was charged with verifying this new institution, so they in turn curtailed the activities of this new institution by blocking verifications, denials, etc. They also controlled their own State Department so any secondary verifications were made virtually impossible. Additionally, they controlled the IMF and WB who just carried on illegally using the assets under the auspices of IMF and WB financing. I could go on and on with this issue, but believe me “All Roads lead to one particular group of the World’s Society” and it all boils down to power and greed with the illegal use of assets that do not belong to them, but used illegally to further their own ideals without any thought whatsoever about the People of the World.

In respect of Who or What is Governing this process.  In general terms it is the Nations of the World, however, as we all know, if you have little or no power, you do not have a voice, and as GWB is claimed to have said to VVP in Sochi over the last weekend, quote from the press “You stay out of this and stay neutral, otherwise I will collapse the Dollar and the European Banking Systems and you will lose $800 billion USD” (being the value of Russians US Dollar Holdings). Therefore, in reality control is dominated by a few Nations that all run the same way.

GWB and his cronies are using the US Dollar as a Weapon of Mass Destruction and that is why the US Dollar has to be removed as the International Reserve Currency and an independent Asset based monetary unit introduced, because we, the World can no longer afford to have such maniacs holding such positions of power and control over all other Nations of the World. 

Another problem we have is that the resolve of all the problems and mess created over the last 63years years, plus the present Financial turmoil, actually prevents us from doing what we are supposed to do because our staff spend, and are spending far too much time, resolving these problems and getting very little assistance from those who are supposed to do this work……… The Protectors, the Fed, the US Treasury, the Intell Services etc, not that they can be trusted anymore.

6.            Even the World Court (International Court) does not have the jurisdictional control over any factor

   related to the Combined International Collateral Accounts. The decisions of the Owner and Sole

  Arbiter of the Combined International Collateral Accounts, take precedence over all / any laws, or

   judicial decisions / judgements, of any other nation, any Supreme Court of any Nation, and even the

  International Court.

              Is this Owner and Sole Arbiter a person, a country/countries or an institution/agency?

              So what is his/its authority currently?

              Is he/it de facto without any power?

The Legal Owner, Heir and Sole Arbiter is an Institution, but it is also a Sovereign Entity in its own right, with secondary institutions to enable it to undertake all of its various duties and obligations. I am just one part of one institution, albeit the main one.

The current authority is as it was on the date 20th January 1995 that it was instituted by the Nations of the World. It has not changed, or likely to be changed at any near future date.

It is not a question of the Institution having no power. It is an institution with the full power and authority as granted by the Nations of the World on 20^th January 1995. Only the Nations of the World can change that authority that they bestowed upon the institution. No one else, whether by agreement of any description, mutual consent between two parties, or otherwise.

There are many, who believe that power does not exist, or that power has been devolved. This is not the case, whereby such rumours probably derive from an illegal authorisation of the US Government and Federal Reserve (I believe 2003, but it may be slightly earlier than that) informing all Holders, Custodians, of assets wherever in the World they were, that they were free, as Holders and Custodians, to use the assets as they so wished and desired. This was just another ploy, illegal activity, to gain access to the assets as most Holders, Custodians, are Banks, Central Banks, Governments who are aligned, allied to, associated with, etc the US Government, but more specifically specific elements of the US Government.

No doubt you were one of many people who read in the media about certain Central Bank and Commercial Bank Officers and past Officers being arrested during 2007 on the basis of the illegal retention and illegal use of” access and security codes” relevant to the Blue and Grey Screens of the Federal Reserve, and the Collateral Accounts, which allowed access to the accounts. This system has now been changed as have the codes, so no one other than the Legal Heir, Owner, Sole Arbiter has knowledge of the Codes. No longer will these codes be given to any Central Bank Officer, as the new system allows for isolation of assets to be transferred, by virtue of a separate screen and a specific individual code for each and every access to that screen. Once used, it is never used again.

The Powers and authority of the Legal Heir, Owner, Sole Arbiter is inviolate and can not be set aside, modified, amended, or otherwise by anyone, other than the Nations of the World.

7.     The US Government was caught, and admitted, abuse of assets throughout an earlier period. The

        assets themselves were returned to the Combined International Collateral Accounts. The Debt

       (Fractionally under $3 Trillion USD) was paid in the form of Freddie Macs', Fannie Maes' etc., that

       were fully backed by Gold.

       So, these are different FM's than those "over the counter" FM's?

Totally and very much different, and are not available to anyone, certainly not the general public (Governments may be an exception) without the express approval and authority of the Legal Heir, Owner, Sole Arbiter. They are never sold, only transferred for use as Collateral Base, for a specified period of time (usually 1 – 3 years), to Governments of Nations of the World. These should never appear in the market place, banks, or similar as a Tradable /  Saleable Collateral.

       If these particular FM's pop up in an account, does it automatically mean that they belong to the

       Combined International Collateral Accounts?

What it means is that someone, somewhere is illegally using or attempting to illegally use, assets of

the Collateral Accounts without the permission or Authority of the Legal Heir, Owner, Sole Arbiter,

and YES, they do actually belong to the Collateral Accounts.

However, let’s define that a little better as I for one do not particularly like generalities, especially in

such matters.

If a company, or member of the public walked into a bank claiming they had an “Global Debt

Facility” Freddie Mac and wanted to sell it or use it as collateral. They would be acting illegally and

Fraudulently because they would never have such legal ownership / title of such an asset, or possession of such an instrument

If an Institution approached their bank claiming they owned a “Global Debt Facility” Freddie Mac, it to would be illegal and fraudulent, as the owner is the Combined Collateral Accounts who would not transfer title / ownership of such collateral to such parties.

If an Institution approached their bank stating that they are under contract with the Legal Heir, Owner, Sole Arbiter, to accept a transfer of a “Global Debt Facility” Freddie Mac, to use as collateral for a specific period and require that bank to undertake and accept the Swift Wire communications via or through their Central Bank to complete the transfer, and the bank agreed to assist, it would probably be legal provided the institution is an internationally recognized institution which held a perfectly valid and legal agreement with the Legal Heir, Owner, of which the bank could verify and confirm with the Sole Arbiter, or be able to confirm via the Blue or Grey Banking Screens.

Whatever, or Whichever, a simple resolve is, if any of these instruments are transferred by Swift or

KTT, via the normal Commercial Banks, you can be 99.99999% sure that the transaction is illegal and fraudulent. Why? because these instruments can only be transferred using the Blue or Grey Screens of the Federal Reserve directly by and to another Central Bank. They do not go via Commercial Banks at all. The reason is that they are not saleable, and as such only transferred for use as collateral (usually to a Government). By transferring through a recognized Central Bank system, the Central Bank is responsible to ensure that the instrument does not get abused, re-transferred, assigned, or otherwise to a third party not privy to the agreement with the Legal Heir, Owner, Sole Arbiter. The instrument, and authorised use of, would remain on the Commercial Bank’s accont held at the Central Bank.

Because they are Gold Backed, they have a 100% + value?

Most certainly YES.  They are just one of a few instruments in the World today that are truly rated AAA.  As you will probably be aware, most instruments in the general market place are not worth their Face Value, and whose asset backed collateral is highly variable.

There are a few exceptions to this rule, being Gold, Silver, Platinum Bullion Certificates issued by

the recognized Bullion Banks and issued in respect of such commodities in their legal

ownership (Not Custodianship) and registered as such under the appropriate Bullion Authorities.

      Where are they being held?

That’s is a nice easy question to answer because the details are actually printed in the documentation issued with the “Global Debt Facility” Freddie Macs, Fannie Maes,  etc.

Merrill Lynch       Credit Suisse First Boston    Salomon Smith Barney         ABN-amro     

Bear Sterns           Deutsche Bank Securities     Goldman Sachs                      Lehman Bros 

J.P.Morgan           Morgan Stanley                      Wartburg Dillon Read.

Just to name a few.

The Freddie Macs, Fannie Maes, etc issued in US Dollar denomination are held in the US by the above banks. The Freddie Macs, Fannie Maes, etc issued in Euro denomination are held within the European Banks as named above.

What you need to be very careful of, especially if you are a Banker, is that some of the above named banks have tended to issue their own bonds, certificates using these assets as the collateral behind them. This means that you will not see a Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae actually being transferred as it has been camouflaged by the issuance of another instrument over the top of it. Such instruments may be 1 year LC’S BG’S, Bonds, Debentures or similar, so any bank needs to review such instruments carefully and decide what is backing same before they proceed. If a “Global Debt Facility” Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae, etc, just happen to be the collateral behind such instruments you can be 99.99999% sure it is Fraud and illegal.

I can verify to you that the banks involved with this type of fraud are all within the top 200 World Banks (some named above) and are Holders / Custodians of assets, including the Freddie Macs and Fannie Maes etc.

     Can these account be reached and by whom?

Any Central Bank or World Ranked Commercial Bank can reach the accounts (Very general and Basic Information only) via the Blue or Grey screens of the Federal Reserve, but they can never access the accounts, nor can they transact from, or within, the accounts without the access and security codes., which as stated previously, have now been changed and the system restructured to prevent such access by the illegal retention by Bankers of access and security codes.

Other than that, only the Legal Heir, Owner, Sole Arbiter, or any person authorized by same, and issued with the Access and Security Codes, can access the accounts. Again, I reiterate the changes recently employed. No party, other than the Legal Heir, Owner, Sole Arbiter, can now access the accounts, as all transfers are moved to a separate screen with its own (only used once principle) entry code and transaction codes.

Just one final point on this matter. If you see, or come across a Freddie Mac, Fannie Mae, Jennie Mae, or similar, with the words “GLOBAL DEBT FACILITY” printed on it, usually towards the top on the left hand side, it is the property of the Combined International Collateral Accounts, whereby such usage would certainly be Fraud and illegal use of such instruments.

The same situation arises with the old Gold Certificates usually issued by UBS, Barclays, ABN-amro, Credit Suisse, Bank of England, Citibank, Merrill Lynch, Bank of America, Soc. General, Swiss Bank Corp, HSBC, and many others. All of these are now invalid on date, and are no longer usable in their past form. All are the property of the Combined International Collateral Accounts.

Now you will ask me, what do we do and who do we report it to.

What do you do, play the game with the person or party that has presented it to you. Try to get the actual instrument or the computer registration slip, into your possession and then confiscate it, and if necessary call the police and have the person arrested. However, you may be reluctant to do that based upon the issue of False arrest and Liability. So check first. You may check directly with us, but as I have not revealed my name publicly you would not know whom to contact. However, all will be revealed shortly, or if you would care to furnish your full details (you will be investigated) and if proven to be acceptable, I will provide you with our details so that you may contact us at any time. Other than that, it is to the authorities (Police, US Treasury, SEC, Federal Reserve, FBI.) that you should report such matters

I hope I have answered your questions to your satisfaction and in a manner that you can understand. However, if you do have any queries on same please feel free to come back to me.

These problems are massive, and we have to resolve them. We can not do this on our own, nor can we totally rely upon specific persons or parties, as we should be able to, so assistance from those such as your self is always welcome and allows us to track situations and correct them as they happen. Sixty Three (63) years of abuse will not be corrected in 10 years, so the more assistance we get, through reporting, the better.

For your information. We have now produced a Video Presentation, which normally we issue to Governments only. Our Cabinet has yet to agree as to whether we open this up to the public at large, which if agreed upon we will be issuing a copy to such sites as fourwinds10.com. However, until our Cabinet agree, any issuance of the Video must be controlled and issued only to Governments and / or specific Government individuals. Hopefully I can get the Cabinet to approve such a move of public issuance which will be raised at the next Cabinet meeting. The Video does explain a lot more, and gives a better insight, and would supplement and compliment what is stated herein.

Please Note: I have answered the questions in a manner based upon “to the best of my knowledge and ability” which is based upon my position within the Institution, known internal information, documents (Classified and unclassified), and meetings personally held with many members of Royal Families, High Status Senior officials of the US Government and / or specific Government Authorities or Departments, UN, other Governments who are also primary signatories, UN Ambassadors, and the likes. All documents reviewed or held by me, have been independently verified and attested to as recently as 2007. Other than that, I can verify and attest to the fact that all information held, known, or similar, is true and accurate, to the best of my knowledge, as of this date.

Best regards,

Mr. P.

     Thanking you for your questions and apologies for long, but necessary, answers

     My kindest regards

   Whistleblower

(Reply)

Message:

 

It should also be noted here that America executed these Treaties as a Sovereign Nation, not as a Government Corporate Entity [a corporate entity can be "sovereign" as is muted in numerous postings on various Web sites. Every Sovereign Nation in the World has registered and recorded its Charter within the United Nations [the UN was created in 1948 long after the United States became a corporate entity at law]. To find out more facts on this point, you will need to establish the Charter Control Number of the USA held within the United Nations. No doubt, the USA Charter is based upon its Constitution [was the Constitution" adopted by the United States Corp. placing it under the rules of commerce?] (Note: Not any Corporate Resolutions, Articles, or Memorandums), which is similar to most Nations if they have a Constitution, written or unwritten (The latter being the case with the U.K.).